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                <text>Illegal Dumping in Dysart et al</text>
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                <text>Illegal dumping involves the disposal of waste and other unwanted material in non-designated spaces, including but not limited to landfill perimeters, public roads, public property, vacant lots, public litter bins, and remote terrain (Municipality of Dysart, 2021).&#13;
In the Municipality of Dysart et al, anecdotal records have established that roads with low foot/vehicular traffic and visibility, as well as the peripheral area of local waste disposal sites are among the most common dumping grounds within the boundaries of the municipality (Municipality of Dysart, 2021). &#13;
To mitigate the health, environmental, financial, and reputational risks associated with illegal dumping, Dysart et al developed the By-law 2021-29 to Govern the Management of Waste, which came into force and effect on May 1, 2021, replacing the previous by-law from 2006.&#13;
In order to supplement the efficacy of the new by-law, this paper will examine the risks and behaviours associated with illegal dumping, as well as provide promotion and education methods drawn from best practices enacted by other municipalities.&#13;
Approximately 320 hours of time was dedicated to the research and development of this paper. If Dysart had engaged consultants to conduct similar work, at $29 per hour, this project would have cost the municipality $9,280.</text>
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                <text>This study aims to determine the best practices for Eurasian watermilfoil control, the methods that have the best chance of success, and the most cost-effective solutions, while also focusing on how coconut fibre mats differ from burlap mats as a bottom barrier control technique. A thorough examination of over 30 peer-reviewed articles discussing Eurasian watermilfoil outbreaks in different areas and their control methods to eradicate such outbreaks were used. Nine methods of control were discovered through these articles, each vastly different in terms of time, effort, cost, equipment, and required knowledge for use. The methods of control described herein include rototilling, hand harvesting, bottom barriers, the milfoil weevil, lake drawdown, grass carp, suction harvesting, herbicides, and an integrated approach using two or more of the methods. Hand harvesting was one of the most cost-effective control methods for small areas, while bottom barriers were among the most cost-effective options for larger areas. The use of Euhrychiopsis lecontei, the milfoil weevil, was an option proven effective for use in the same region as Drag and Spruce Lakes and less costly than some other methods. This study has found that an integrated approach using hand harvesting and bottom barriers seems to be the most cost- and time-effective technique because it allows for optimal results in specific areas as needed without long-term harmful effects to native species. This integrated approach would also allow the Drag and Spruce Lakes Property Owners Association to continue providing their services and programming without significant lake access disruptions.</text>
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                <text>Our research seeks to understand the design and key characteristics of successful and unsuccessful implementations, its impacts, limitations, and issues of implementation of existing Social Procurement policies. This research will be used to form a recommendation as to how Social Procurement can be best utilized as a strategy to reduce poverty, increase inclusion in the workplace, and encourage the participation of local businesses in City of Kawartha Lakes and Haliburton County.</text>
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                <text>The Haliburton Highlands Land Trust (HHLT) is a nonprofit organization that owns and protects approximately 1300 acres of land in Haliburton County, Ontario. Five separate properties constitute the land trust, including the Dahl Forest, Smith Forest, Norah’s Island, Fred &amp; Pearl Barry Wetland Reserve, and Barnum Creek Nature Reserve. Land trusts are instrumental in the conservation of native flora and fauna, and are often focused on the protection of a specific type of habitat (Brewer, 2003). The HHLT is unique in that all four types of wetlands (marsh, bog, fen, and swamp) are found on the properties (Haliburton Highlands Land Trust – 2020 Climate Change Project, 2021). Natural wetlands are crucial as they act as sinks for carbon sequestration (Mitsch, 2013), and play an active role in the cycling of important nutrients like nitrogen (Fennessy, Rokosch &amp; Mack, 2008). Wetlands also provide habitats for a variety of animals including mammals like beavers and minks, rare bird species, and a range of amphibians (Gibbs, 2000). Knowing this, the HHLT has made great strides in the conservation of many animals that call their property home. From bats to turtles, the Haliburton Highlands Land Trust has orchestrated many projects focused on the monitoring and protection of Ontario’s native species.</text>
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                <text>The Haliburton Highlands Land Trust (HHLT) is a non-profit organization that aims to protect the natural&#13;
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ecological significance. After reviewing their current database, the land trust has expressed their desire to further develop their spatial data management system to more effectively integrate knowledge of their properties into their stewardship, management, and land acquisition decisions. Open source GIS database software, specifically PostgreSQL with the PostGIS extension, can improve the HHLT’s access to, and use of, existing research and management data. The objective of this project was to migrate the HHLT’s database in Microsoft Access to PostgreSQL, an open source database management system that can help the HHLT eliminate the annual cost of an Access subscription while providing greater flexibility for spatial applications in the future.&#13;
A requirements analysis was first conducted through stakeholder meetings, discussions with the HHLT, and a comprehensive review of existing documents. After acquiring a copy of the current database and other relevant files, a conceptual database design was produced to provide a description of the database and identify the main database entities along with their relationships. The next step was the translation of the conceptual database design into a logical and physical database design, which contained more detailed information of database elements (e.g., cardinality, data types, constraints). After the final database design was approved by the HHLT, the database was constructed then tested in PostgreSQL and is now ready for deployment.&#13;
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                <text>The main objective of this study was to gain insight into the relationships between patient&#13;
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County (VDOHC). Data collection consisted of a survey regarding patient demographics,&#13;
general health, and oral health status and the factors that affect the number of teeth with dental&#13;
caries was analyzed. It was hypothesized that accessibility to dental care for low-income&#13;
individuals will affect the number of teeth with dental caries, that age will affect the number of&#13;
teeth with dental caries, that gender will affect the number of teeth with dental caries, and that a&#13;
diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) will affect the number of teeth with dental caries. The results&#13;
supported the first hypothesis and found that patients who received dental care at VDOHC had a&#13;
higher average number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth than the Canadian population in the&#13;
lowest equivalized household income quintile. The subsequent hypotheses were not supported&#13;
based on the results that were found in this study. Understanding the relationships between&#13;
patient demographics, general health and oral health status will assist in improving patient&#13;
treatment at VDOHC.</text>
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                <text>This research project’s purpose is to explore suitable actions which can be used to mitigate shoreline erosion on Horseshoe Lake. We will compare both naturalized and constructed options to maintain and improve shoreline stabilization without hindering the ecosystem services or functions it provides to all stakeholders of the system. We will attempt to remain unbiased while searching for the most beneficial naturalized method to follow the County of Haliburton’s (CHA) goal of 75% owned shoreline to be natural through the mitigation of Horseshoe Lake Property Owners Association’s (HLPOA) concerns of shoreline stabilization. However, it must be noted that this goal pertains to the shoreline areas above the high-water mark (HWM) while Horseshoe Lake is dealing with shoreline degradation below the HWM which becomes MNRF and DFO jurisdiction.&#13;
After conducting a literature review, we have found that the best option for shoreline management of erosion is Slope and Vegetation Biomass Control. A close second would be the Brush Mattress combined with a Live Fascine. These naturalized options have been highlighted and recommended to use on Horseshoe Lake, and other reservoir lakes for the Trent-Severn. There are also some industrialized options included as not every property has the ability to implement naturalized erosion control. Out of all of the industrialized methods listed here, we suggest using Vegetated Riprap only in scenarios where naturalized control is unfeasible.</text>
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                <text>Trent University</text>
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                <text>Lakes in the Haliburton area have experienced an unprecedented amount of Blue-Green Algae blooms that threaten the various lake's water quality. This paper has two main objectives: the first is to identify the various reasons why blue-green algae blooms occur and their impact, the second is to provide various strategies to mitigate blooms. To answer the objective an extensive literature was conducted, this paper attempts to answer the object with published information. Various methods will be discussed in mitigating blooms, such as chemical and physical removal options and prevention strategies.</text>
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                <text>This thesis aimed to determine what factors influence individual- and community-level shoreline stewardship attitudes and behaviours. Shoreline stewardship is part of the broader literature of environmental stewardship and place-based conservation. The needs and barriers limiting stewardship action were examined, as were the opportunities for increased impact. The Love Your Lake (LYL) program served as a case study into the impact of ENGO programming on shoreline stewardship among shoreline property owners in Ontario. This was investigated using a program workshop, interviews and focus groups with past program participants, and existing participant survey data. Community-Based Social Marketing principles were used to further examine the opportunities for increased impact on stewardship behaviour. The study found that the LYL program was effective in starting or continuing a conversation in communities around shoreline health. Some of the remaining needs and/or barriers included limited time at the cottage; limited knowledge of how to fix existing shoreline issues; low stock of local native plants and environmentally minded landscapers; ineffective messaging; a lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern; and weak environmental policies and governance of shorelines. Some participants also listed cost as a barrier, while others felt it had been well addressed already. Most participants thought that education could be a barrier but that it had been well addressed locally through LYL or other programming. Some key motivators and opportunities to increase shoreline stewardship included community iii building, increased lake association capacity, improved communication and marketing strategies, and persistence.</text>
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                <text>Erin McGauley, Fleming College School of Environment and Resource Sciences&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Melanie Logan, Fleming College School of Environment and Resource Sciences</text>
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                <text>Horseshoe Lake is located approximately 10 kilometers northeast of the town of Minden, Ontario. The lake acts as a reservoir for the Trent/Severn Waterway and has had a sizable cottage community along its shores for many generations. From 2017-2018 the Horseshoe Lake Property Owners Association (HLPOA) in conjunction with U-Links Centre for Community Based Research has partnered with post-secondary students to analyze the benthic macroinvertebrate communities along the lake shoreline. These organisms are identified by order, a classification of life similar to that of genus and species, with each order having a different level of sensitivity to organic pollution. The results of this initial phase of the study indicate that there is probably some organic pollution present in the lake, but the source or sources of this pollution and whether or not there are any trends present is not yet known. This phase of the project will be used as a baseline for future years of sampling and lays the framework for how future studies should be conducted.</text>
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                <text>Odonata monitoring of Haliburton Highlands Land Trust properties: fauna and protocols</text>
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                <text>The following report has been written to assist Haliburton Highlands Land Trust (HHLT) in initiating an Odonata monitoring program on their properties. A list of 111 recorded species for Haliburton County along with a few other expected species (Poropat, 2020) make up what HHLT could expect to see on their properties during monitoring (Poropat, personal communication, September 24, 2020). Serving as a further foundation for a future program, records from a number of databases and reports were mined for observations of odonates on and around HHLT properties, resulting in lists for each property. Lastly, I provide some recommendations and considerations for establishing an Odonata monitoring program at HHLT, based on reviews of available protocols and published literature.</text>
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                <text>Trent University</text>
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                <text>Long-Term Invasive Species Monitoring: Haliburton Highlands Land Trust Invasive Plants</text>
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                <text>Kolten Hooper</text>
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                <text>Haliburton Highlands Land Trust, Greg Wickware</text>
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                <text>Haliburton County</text>
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                <text>The Haliburton Highlands Land Trust recognizes invasive species as critical components of monitoring biodiversity. With this, they seek to determine which invasive terrestrial plant species have been sighted on the HHLT properties, which species could be present and and how the HHLT should be monitoring for invasive plant species. In order to become more informed in these areas, the HHLT has posed three questions that guide the research of the report. These questions are as follows; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1) What invasive species have been sighted on or in lands adjacent to the HHLT properties: Fred and Pearl Barry Wetland, Barnum Creek Nature Reserve, Dahl Forest, Smith Forest, and Norah’s Island. &lt;br /&gt;2) What invasive species could exist on or in lands adjacent to any of the above-mentioned properties? &lt;br /&gt;3) What monitoring protocols are used by similar organizations and could be implemented by the HHLT to monitor their properties for invasive species? &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The purpose of this project is to answer each of the HHLT research questions in order to better inform the land trust of the threat of invasive plants and potential ways to approach monitoring them in the future.</text>
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                <text>Trent University</text>
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                <text>The Birds of The Haliburton Highlands: Species Present and How to Monitor Them</text>
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                <text>Jason Smyrlis</text>
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                <text>Haliburton County</text>
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                <text>This project aims to examine bird observations and monitoring on the properties of the Haliburton Highlands Land Trust (HHLT). By examining observations on their properties, HHLT can learn about the species themselves and gain insight into their properties' ecosystem dynamics as a whole. Particularly concerning more sensitive species, as having data on their presence can provide information on habitat quality. Likewise, the monitoring recommendations included should help foster long-term monitoring protocols into the future.</text>
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                <text>Trent University</text>
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                <text>Development Potential for Vacant Lots in the Township of Algonquin Highlands and Municipality of Highlands East</text>
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                <text>Rural/Urban Planning&#13;
Geography</text>
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                <text>The purpose of this study is to further determine the development potential of these vacant lots. Its goal is to determine development potential, which takes into consideration a sustainable approach not only to the natural environment, but also to maintaining the rural lifestyle in safe livable communities. Through this research, it has been determined that the majority of the development potential in the municipality of Highlands East, as well the Township of Algonquin Highlands, will be mainly residential. This is partly a result of the numerous bodies of water and protected wetlands in these areas which would be impacted by large scale commercial developments, but this does not mean that of this area potential for commercial development is not ruled out entirely. Such development will require an Environmental Assessment Study, to determine if the land is, in fact, subject to reclassification. The County of Haliburton, as a whole, is preparing for an increase of five to six thousand new permanent residents within the next twenty years, which means the need for ensuring sustainable development is important in an aging community like the Haliburton County.</text>
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Lindsay Dixon</text>
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                <text>Derya Tarhan, International Development Studies</text>
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                <text>Over 2019-20, Fourth Year Trent International Development Studies (IDST) students Sarah Cumming and Lindsay Dixon undertook a full-term, large-scale research project on how to better engage and retain the young adult population in Minden Hills. &#13;
&#13;
Hosted by the Township of Minden Hills (Emily Stonehouse) and supervised by IDST faculty Derya Terhan, students gathered and analyzed data from their literature review, a 2019 local community consultation, an online survey and several telephone surveys. &#13;
&#13;
This report was designed to equip the Township of Minden Hills with a foundation for up-to-date research and to suggest initiatives as support for change. &#13;
&#13;
Highlights from the Study:&#13;
&#13;
·         The top four factors for the study participants in deciding where to live were Employment, Family Ties, the Physical Environment and Housing; &#13;
&#13;
·         59% of participants felt engaged in the community of Minden Hills and the largest group within that (46%), only felt somewhat engaged;&#13;
&#13;
·         Leaving their community to go to high school in Haliburton means young adults in other townships may start feeling disconnected from an early age;&#13;
&#13;
·         Recreational programming for young adults was seen as limited, and often geared towards the senior population and during working hours;&#13;
&#13;
·         A shortage of evening entertainment activities led to feelings of isolation;&#13;
&#13;
·         There is a lack of formal support systems for youth employment in the County;&#13;
&#13;
·         Increased internet access was identified by several survey participants in the open-ended questions - as “what is important to this age group is the ability to network easily”;&#13;
&#13;
·         While literature findings did not find it to be a significant factor in attracting young adults, study participants felt as though Minden Hill’s natural beauty and rural location had a positive influence in their decision where to live.&#13;
&#13;
Page 35 of the report includes a table of recommendations that the Township of Minden Hills can consider in their strategic planning going forward.</text>
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